

7th August - 31st December 2025
The Third Edition of the Bihar Museum Biennale 2025 brings together museums and cultural institutions from across Asia, Latin America, Africa and India to present a theme, ‘Global South: Sharing histories’. This edition continues the spirit of dialogue and collaboration initiated in earlier editions, expanding the scope of participation and curatorial engagement.
Concept Of Logo
The logo for the Bihar Museum Biennale 2025: Global South: Sharing Histories, draws inspiration from the ‘Tree of Life’, a symbol of interconnectedness found across Asia, Africa, and South America. It combines the iconic baobab trunk of Africa, the sacred peepal foliage of Asia, and the vibrant biodiversity of South America, depicted in the Otomi and Lliclla textile styles.
This fusion reflects shared cultural roots and belief systems of the Global South, while continuing the tradition of tree symbolism seen in the logos of the Bihar Museum and the Department of Tourism, Bihar.

Shri Anjani Kumar Singh, Director General of Bihar Museum, shares his vision for the Bihar Museum Biennale 2025, titled “Global South: Sharing Histories,” which is set to commence on 7th August 2025.
3rd - 18th June
Venue - Multipurpose Hall
Evolution: Torres Strait Masks:
Organised by Bihar Museum in collaboration with National Museum Australia, Australian Consulate-General, Kolkata, India and Gab Titui Cultural Centre celebrates the rich and continuing tradition of mask-making in Zenadh Kes (Torres Strait). The graphic panel display features images of artworks, contextual photographs and text from the National Museum of Australia.
Yiwarra Kuju: The Canning Stock Route exhibition:
Organised by Bihar Museum in collaboration with National Museum Australia, Australian Consulate-General, Kolkata, India and Gab Titui Cultural Centre. The exhibition reveals the richness of desert life. It tells a story of contact, conflict and survival, of exodus and return, seen through Aboriginal eyes, and interpreted through their voices, art and new media.
6th August
Bihar Museum - Buddha Smriti Park - Patna Museum
A guided journey through Patna’s cultural corridor, tracing layers of history, memory, and identity from ancient relics to contemporary interpretations. This walk invites participants to experience the city as a living museum, connecting key institutions that embody Bihar’s enduring legacy and its evolving place within the Global South.
7th August
Countries and Exhibitions
Sri Lanka | Mexico | Indonesia | Ethiopia | Peru | Argentina | Kazakhstan | Ecuador
Participating Artists & Museums
IGNCA | NGMA | ICCR | Sara Kenderdin | Mehrangargh
7th August - 7th September
Venue - Children’s Mezzanine
This exhibition features a collection of works by three Sri Lankan artists Jagath Ravindra, Pinki Madewala and Shanaka Kulathunga. These works revolve around identity, relationships, beauty, struggle, emotions, loss and a kaleidoscope of human existence. With great variation in style, format, expression and tone, the works express and preserve the state of being through the medium of art.
7th August - 7th September
Venue – Patna Museum Temporary Gallery
This exhibition brings together works by visual artist Eva Malhotra and the Embassy of Mexico in India. The works of Eva Malhotra take inspiration from the Maya Population who are a group of people who have lived for millennia, mostly in the Mesoamerican territory of Southern Mexico and Guatemala. From the Embassy of Mexico, one can experience the different cultures of Mexico through 12 pre-hispanic artefacts and 13 photographs. One can also experience the different cultures of Mexico through the textiles on display.
7th August - 7th September
Venue - Children’s Gallery Classroom
This exhibition presented by the ICCR brings together Ramayana-inspired artefacts, traditions and art forms from around twenty countries. The significance of this exhibition lies not just in its scale but in its spirit. It represents a conscious effort to acknowledge the global footprints of the Ramayana; how the narrative travelled through trade, migration, performance and oral tradition; how it was embraced and adapted by various cultures. From Bali to Trinidad, one can see how the Ramayana shaped language, law, dance, theatre and moral codes across civilisations.
7th August - 21st September
Venue - Multipurpose Hall
India and Indonesia share a civilisational bond spanning two millennia that is reflected in culture, language and history. To capture the essence of this relationship, the theme of the exhibition is “A Bridge of Civilisations”, which celebrates the shared richness and longstanding ties that were nurtured through maritime trade routes, temple architecture, integration of Sanskrit words into the Indonesian language and of course, the continuing legacies of the Ramayana and Mahabharata.
7th August - 21st September
Venue - Multipurpose Hall
Ethiopian artist Mihiretu Wassie expresses her artistic vision through buttons and leather scarps. For her, the colour, pattern, texture of these buttons connect her art to traditions of Ethiopian cultural dresses. She uses these buttons and leather scraps as puzzles to bring her work to life. The result of these artworks are epic narratives that captivate us with an almost hypnotic force.
7th August - 31st September
Venue - Temporary Exhibition Gallery
The Bihar Museum, Patna and the Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts (IGNCA), New Delhi is presenting an international exhibition of traditional masks from the continents of the Global South, Asia, Africa and Latin America. This exhibition will showcase the diversity and depth of mask traditions across three continents and look at the symbolic, performative and ritualistic dimensions of this age-old art form.
7th August - 31st September
Venue - Temporary Exhibition Gallery
This exhibition of artworks from the NGMA highlights creative practices from the global ‘periphery’. The exhibition explores the shared experiences of economic and cultural subjugation and solidarity between the three continents of the global south. The exhibition looks at how artists have negotiated identity and belonging, and forging a space beyond traditional global hierarchies.
10th August
A cinematic lens into regional storytelling that resonates with shared global histories reinforcing the Biennale’s vision of curating cultural dialogue and connected heritage.
7th October - 7th November
Venue - Multipurpose Hall
The exhibition invites you on a journey of discovery of Peru through mixing history and textiles with tales of culture. The textiles and reproduction of different types of clothes and accessories narrates the tale of the different ancient Peruvian cultures. Along with this, the sixty four fine replicas of pottery and clay artefacts and Pre-Inca ceramics produced by Andean civilisations developed between 900 BC to 1000 AD in different regions of Peru offer a peek into the daily lives and beliefs.
17th September - 30th October
Venue - Children’s Gallery Classroom
This wide-ranging photography exhibition invites you on a journey to discover the stories, the landscapes and the soul of Argentina through the photographs of Pablo Katlirevsky. This exhibition is like taking a walk around Argentina to experience the frozen moments, the glances that cross out and look at photography as a witness to those things that should not get lost in oblivion.
17th September to 30th October
Venue - Patna Museum Temporary Gallery
This exhibition focuses on the Patna Kalam Painting of Bihar. These paintings were developed in Patna under the patronage of the British by combining the Indian miniature painting style and the western style. One of the first art styles in the world to give place to common people and their daily life on canvas. More than one hundred and fifty paintings of Patna Kalam are on display in the exhibition. Apart from the paintings preserved in the Patna Museum, it also includes paintings donated by Sanjay Kumar, Dhanbad, a descendant of the famous Patna Kalam painter Hulas Lal.
17th September - 30th November
Venue - Bapu Tower Temporary Gallery
The independent Republic of Kazakhstan is a young state, but despite this, its history goes back thousands of years and is closely intertwined with ancient civilisations. The exhibition, brought by the Presidential Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, narrates the story of Kazakhstan’s national history and the spiritual legacy by looking at the social and political institutions from ancient times to the present day, the great statesmen, the sacred symbols of power, as well as the art of war and the culture of nomadic weapons.
7th November - 7th December
Venue - Patna Museum Temporary Gallery
Archival materials and cultural references to the idea of ‘home’, ‘where we grew up’ often appear in the artistic languages of the diasporic artists who are descendents of the indentured labour migration as well as artists from the Bihar region. This exhibition looks at the idea of ‘home’ in the works of artists from the Caribbean and the Indian Ocean as well as artists from Bihar who create a visual language that points to multiple interpretations of identity and memory. This exhibition makes one reconnect to the idea of ‘home’ and gives an opportunity to reimagine lives that have bygone.
16th November - 31st December
Venue - Multipurpose Hall
Ecuador, in northwestern South America, is home to four unique geographic regions. This diversity has shaped a rich cultural and ecological heritage. Archaeological evidence from the upper Amazon, reveals that cacao (Theobroma cacao) was first domesticated here over 5,500 years ago, which makes Ecuador the true origin of cacao in the world. This exhibition narrates the story of Ecuador’s legacy as the cradle of cacao that continues to influence global chocolate traditions of the world today.
7th November - 31st December
Venue - Children’s Gallery Classroom
The manifested form of Devī is identified with different names performing different roles. She is the primordial cosmic energy that drives the universe, embodying the unity of creation, preservation, destruction and transformation. She is beyond human dualities and limitations, embodying the Creator (Bramhā), the Preserver (Viṣṇu) and the Destroyer (Śiva). Through miniature paintings from Mehrangarh Museum Trust, the exhibition showcases the Divine Feminine with its multifaceted aspect.
15th December 2025 - 30th June 2026
Venue - Children’s Mezzanine
Double Truth II is an interactive installation that explores how today’s technologies unite to replicate cultural artefacts with remarkable fidelity. Showcasing a series of significant objects from the Bihar Museum collections in Patna spanning Jain, Hindu and Buddhist traditions, the installation focuses on affirming and activating visitors’ sensory experiences.
Exhibitions
Paintings, sculptures, pottery, photographs, and installations
Curated exhibitions from each participating country
Contributions from the Indian diaspora
Three premier Indian institutions will present their exhibitions:
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National Gallery of Modern Art (New Delhi)
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Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts (IGNCA)
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Mehrangarh Museum Trust (Rajasthan)
Immersive Digital Installations
An innovative presentation that highlights key artefacts and sculptures from the Bihar Museum collection.
Cultural Programmes
Performances by cultural troupes from participating nations
8th August 2025
Welcome Speech
11.00 am
Shri Anjani Kumar Singh, Director General, Bihar Museum
Keynote Address
11.30 am - 12.30 pm
Prof. Anil Sooklal, High Commissioner of South Africa to India
Speech on Intangible Heritage
12.30 - 1.00 pm
Tim Curtis, Director and Representative, UNESCO India
Memory, Empathy, Conflict within Museums (Experts and Curators from India, Mexico)
(2.00 - 4.00 pm)
This session explores how museums in the Global South carry the weight of memory, history, and unresolved conflict. Avni Sethi and Eva Malhotra will engage with questions of curatorial responsibility, cultural memory, and the ethics of representation. Objects in these spaces are not passive, they speak, they testify, they resist. Through the lens of India and Mexico, we look at the museum as a site of power, emotion, and struggle. Empathy becomes a curatorial method, and conflict a doorway to deeper engagement with our pasts.
Dr Alka Pande, Academic Director and Editor for the Third Bihar Museum Biennale, Moderator
Avni Sethi, Conflictorium, India, Panellist
Eva Malhotra, Visual Artist, Mexico, Panellist
Music as a Cross-Cultural Experience, (Experts from countries including India, South Africa & Argentina)
4.30 - 6.00 pm
This session listens to the soundscapes of the Global South across India, Argentina, and South Africa, where music is memory, migration, and resistance. Dr Ajit Pradhan, Alejandro Lepez, and Philippa Namutebi Kabali-Kagwa will reflect on the ways music transcends borders and carries the imprint of lived histories. Music becomes a language beyond words, a vessel of cultural memory shaped by histories of colonisation and freedom. It carries the pulse of everyday life, of ritual, of protest. Through voices and rhythms, we trace how cultures connect across continents.
Dr Alka Pande, Academic Director and Editor for the Third Bihar Museum Biennale, Session Introduction
Nidheesh Tyagi, Co-founder, Abir Pothi, India Moderator
Dr Ajit Pradhan, Indian Classical Music, India Panellist
Alejandro Lepez, Music Professional and Cultural Researcher, Latin American Music, Argentina, Panellist
Philippa Namutebi Kabali-Kagwa, Storyteller, Executive Coach and Facilitator, South Africa, Panellist
9th August 2025
Masks: Shamans, Myths, Symbols, (Experts from countries including India, Ethiopia & Mexico)
11.00 am - 1.00 pm
This session aims to address the concerns around shamans, masks and magic. Agegnehu Adane Dilnesahu, Dr Achal Pandya and Sari Sasaki will look at the context of materiality, myth, metaphor, magic and rituals of masks and mask-making. All the countries of the Global South have a tradition of mask-making. This is a living tradition which continues till today. Masks are symbols of sacred powers and of identity. Mask-making has been integral to all the indigenous societies of the Global South. The discussion around masks unfolds through people, through material, and through lived experiences.
Dr Alka Pande, Academic Director and Editor for the Third Bihar Museum Biennale, Moderator
Dr Achal Pandya, Head of Department, Conservation and Cultural Archives, India, Panellist
Sari Sasaki, International Expert and Researcher on masks of Africa and Latin America, Panellist
Power of the Feminine Gender, Sexuality & Material Culture, (Experts from countries including India, Sri Lanka & Thailand)
2.00 pm - 4.00 pm
This session centres on the power of the feminine as it moves through gender, sexuality, and material culture. Jagath Ravindra and Asst. Prof. Dr. Anucha Thirakanont will explore how feminine energies are expressed through form, ritual, and symbolic practices across their cultural landscapes. In India, Sri Lanka, and Thailand, the feminine has been a site of both creative force and shaping craft and representation in epics. From textiles and bodily adornment to abstract visual languages, the feminine manifests in forms that are sensuous, symbolic, and spiritual.
Dr Alka Pande, Academic Director and Editor for the Third Bihar Museum Biennale, Moderator
Juan Garibay, National Coordinator INAH, Mexico, Panellist
Jagath Ravindra, Director General of VAPA television and Visual Art, Colombo, Sri Lanka, Panellist
Seema Kohli, Multidisciplinary artist, India, Panellist
Buildings as Metaphor: Ramayana Narratives of South East Asia, Stories from the Global South, (Experts from countries including India, Indonesia & Thailand)
4.30 - 6.30 pm
This seminar journeys through temples, palaces, and cities where the Ramayana lives in stone, wood, and mural. Parul Pandya Dhar, Dr Agus Widyatmoko, and Professor Dr Pornrat Damrung will share insights into how architecture reinterprets epic narratives across their regions. Across India, Indonesia, and Thailand, buildings are metaphors, they carry memory, mythology, and moral codes. Architecture becomes narrative, and narrative becomes place. We explore how epic stories migrate, evolve, and remain rooted in the cultural landscapes of the Global South.
Dr Alka Pande, Academic Director and Editor for the Third Bihar Museum Biennale, Moderator
Dr Parul Pandya Dhar, Department of History, University of Delhi, India, Panellist
Dr Agus Widyatmoko, Chief of Cultural Preservation Agency Region V, Indonesian Ministry of Culture, Indonesia, Panellist
Professor Dr. Pornrat Damrung Creative Researcher in Performance Arts, Applied Drama and Traditional Theatre, Thailand, Panellist
Pablo Ariel Katlirevsky
Dr. Priya Swamy
Ms Rakhi Sarkar
Dr. Jahnavi Phalkey
Dr. Pheroza Godrej
Hala Warde
Anthony Lopez
Ms. Malini Goyal
Mr. David Szabo
Dr. Lars-Christian Koch
Michael Peter Edson
Prashanth Prakash
Batul Raaj Mehta
Mr. Sabyasachi Mukherjee
Mr Stephen Inglis
Prof. Amareswar Galla
Prof. Yannick Lintz
Dr. Saryu Doshi
Upasana Nattoji Roy
Zameer Basrai
Jagath Ravindra
Pinki Kumari Madawela
Mr. Agegnehu Adane Dilnesahu
Ngaire Blankenberg
Pablo Ariel Katlirevsky
Dr. Priya Swamy
Ms Rakhi Sarkar
Dr. Jahnavi Phalkey